Panel A reports a finite-cubic-spline spot of one’s association between projected twenty-four-hours urinary potassium removal and the compound out of death regarding one trigger and major cardio events. Brand new spline bend was truncated within 4.00 grams daily (event rate among users that have potassium excretion >4.00 grams on a daily basis, thirteen situations into the 397 professionals). Data toward potassium removal were shed for 58 members (0.1%). For dating israeli guys this reason, the test as part of the data on the mixture outcome of dying and you will big cardio events is 101,887 users which have 3314 incidents. Committee B reveals a restricted-cubic-spline patch of your organization ranging from projected potassium excretion and you will passing from people produce. The function rates certainly participants that have potassium removal in excess of 4.00 grams every single day is cuatro incidents inside the 397 professionals. Panel C suggests a limited-cubic-spline spot of the association ranging from estimated potassium removal and you may big aerobic incidents (recognized as passing regarding cardio causes, myocardial infarction, coronary attack, otherwise heart incapacity). The big event price among members that have potassium removal of greater than cuatro.00 grams daily try 11 situations inside the 397 users. non-Asian), alcoholic drinks intake, body-size index, and position in terms of all forms of diabetes mellitus, history of cardio situations, and you can current smoking. Dashed contours imply 95% depend on periods. Brand new average level of potassium removal (2.07 grams a-day) are the latest source basic, indicated by the yellow range.
Every plots have been modified to possess many years, gender, geographic area, informative peak, origins (Western versus
Than an estimated potassium removal off below step one.fifty grams a-day, a higher estimated excretion from potassium are for the a decrease throughout the dangers of demise and you may aerobic situations to your multivariable data ( Profile 2 and you will Desk step three ); it organization is largely linked to a reduction in the danger away from demise (Table S3 from the Secondary Appendix). There is certainly zero proof of an interacting with each other between projected potassium and salt excretion according to the number one compound result (P=0.55) (Table S4 throughout the Second Appendix).
Subgroup and Sensitiveness Analyses
Blood pressure in the baseline (identified as a previous medical diagnosis regarding blood circulation pressure otherwise blood pressure level > mm Hg) altered the fresh association anywhere between a high projected sodium removal and also the chemical consequences (P=0.02 having interaction) (Table S4 from the Second Appendix). During the next research, you will find somewhat increased chance noticed one of players having baseline blood pressure and you will a projected sodium excretion out of 6.00 in order to 6.99 grams every single day (chances proportion, 1.14; 95% CI, step one.00 to just one.30) otherwise 7.00 grams a-day or higher (potential ratio, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.40), while discover zero extreme association some of those instead hypertension. There had been not one extreme subgroup relations (Tables S4 and you will S5 on the Second Appendix).
The exclusion of participants with cardiovascular disease (at baseline) or cancer (at baseline or follow-up) or those who had events in the first year of follow-up did not materially affect the findings from the sodium and potassium analyses. When participants with events in the first 2 years were excluded, the associations of a lower (<3.00 g per day) and higher (6.00 to 6.99 g per day) estimated sodium excretion with the primary outcome were significant ( Table 2 and Table 3 ). In a propensity-score–matched analysis that included 21,220 participants, a low estimated sodium excretion (<3.00 g per day), as compared with a moderate level (3.00 to 5.99 g per day), was associated with an increased risk of the composite outcome (odds ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.46). In a similar analysis that included 40,618 participants, a high estimated sodium excretion (?6.00 g per day), as compared with a moderate level, was associated with an increased risk of the composite outcome (odds ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.34) (Table S6 in the Supplementary Appendix). The results of analyses adjusted for regression dilution bias are presented in Fig. S1 and S2 in the Supplementary Appendix. The results of the array-approach sensitivity analysis are provided in Table S7 in the Supplementary Appendix.
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